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| The ldap server could not be started successfully.
Take a look at the log file 
(openldap installation home)/tests/test-db/master.log
it should tell you why slapd did not start 
 jwkaltz@yahoo.com  | |
| If you installed additional shared support libraries, such as Berkeley DB 4, on a Linux system in order to build slapd, make sure that the shared library directories such as /usr/local/lib (or where ever you install them) appear in /etc/ld.so.conf AND that you execute "ldconfig" after updating it. Doh!
 achowe@snert.com  | |
| In 2.2.11, there is no such directory as tests/test-db and no such file as master.log. The closest thing I've been able to come up with is tests/testrun/slapd.1.log.  | |
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This is a problem that is commonly caused by a version mismatch of bdb. If you have just compiled a new version of bdb, this is may be what happened to you. Before you run ./configure on OpenLDAP, use: 
$ export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/BerkeleyDB.4.2/include" This will specify where the proper files are for the new version of bdb. Be sure to change the paths to match your situation. After this is done, run ./configure, make depend, and make. Your new make test should hopefully work. 
A big thanks to dmay on the devshed forums for the solution.
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Another possibility is a version mismatch of libsasl2.so.2. A solution that comes to mind is copying in the new version of it from /usr/local/lib to /usr/lib. That seems to have solved the problem for me. Also, if you want more information on what your actual problem is, go into the servers/slapd folder (after compiling) and run: ./slapd -d 256 
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